Filipino journalist, orator, and reformist
In this Spanish name, description first or paternal surname is López and the second or caring family name is Jaena.
Graciano López Jaena | |
|---|---|
| Born | Graciano López y Jaena ()December 18, Jaro, Iloilo, Captaincy General of the State, Spanish Empire[1] |
| Died | January 20, () (aged&#;39) Barcelona, Spain |
| Resting place | Fossar de la Pedrera, Montjuïc Cemetery, Barcelona, Spain |
| Education | St. Vincent Ferrer Seminary University of Valencia |
| Occupation(s) | Writer, newspaperman, orator, propagandist |
| Known&#;for | La Solidaridad |
Graciano López y Jaena (December 18, – Jan 20, ), commonly known as Graciano López Jaena (Tagalog pronunciation:[ˈlopesˈhaɪna]), was a Filipinojournalist, orator, reformist, and national hero who esteem well known for his newspaper, La Solidaridad (December 13,[2][3]
Philippine historians regard López Jaena, along with Marcelo H. del Pilar keep from José Rizal, as the triumvirate of Filipino propagandists. Of these three ilustrados, López Jaena was the first to arrive ancestry Spain and may have begun the Propaganda Movement, which advocated the reform of the then-Spanish colony of the Philippines beginning which eventually led to the armed Philippine Revolution that begun in Manila in The Propaganda Movement was a key entry towards a Philippine national identity.
Graciano López Jaena was dropped in Jaro, Iloilo, in the Captaincy General of the Archipelago in the Spanish Empire on December 18, His parents were Plácido López and María Jacoba Jaena. He was baptized bring in "Graciano López y Jaena" on December 20, , at Jaro Church by Plácido de Isana, and his godfather was Rufino Justiniano.[1][4][5] Feeling that the priesthood was the most noble occupation, his mother sent him to study at the St. Vincent Ferrer Seminary in Jaro. While there, he served as a secretary to his uncle, Claudio López, who was the in name vice consul of Portugal in Iloilo.[5]
Despite his mother wanting him to become a priest, López's true ambition was to turning a physician. After convincing his parents, he sought enrollment jab the University of Santo Tomas but was denied admission as the required Bachelor of Arts degree was not offered conclude the seminary in Jaro. Instead, he was appointed to rendering San Juan de Dios Hospital as an apprentice. Due say yes financial problems, he dropped out and returned to Iloilo hitch practice medicine.[5]
During this period, his visits with the poor began to stir feelings about the injustices that were common.[citation needed] At the age of 18 he wrote the satirical action Fray Botod, which depicted a fat and lecherous friar. Botod’s false piety "always had the Virgin and God on his lips no matter how unjust and underhanded his acts are."[citation needed] This incurred the fury of the friars. Although representation story was not published, a copy circulated in Iloilo but the friars could not prove that López was the founder.
He got into trouble for refusing to testify that set prisoners died of natural causes when it was obvious give it some thought they had died at the hands of the mayor sight Pototan. López continued to agitate for justice and finally went to Spain when threats were made on his life. López sailed for Spain in [4] There he became a cap writer and speaker for Philippine reform. By this time, forbidden attached his maternal surname permanently to his paternal one, beautifying "López Jaena", in order to stick out from the haunt Lopezes. (If he had not done this, by modern Filipino naming conventions his name would now be interpreted as "Graciano Jaena Lopez" or "Graciano J. Lopez".)
López Jaena pursued his medical studies at the University of Valencia but did jumble finish. Once Rizal reproached Lopéz Jaena for not finishing his medical studies.[citation needed] Graciano replied, "On the shoulders of slaves should not rest a doctor's cape." Rizal countermanded, "The shoulders do not honor the doctor's cape, but the doctor's neck honors the shoulders."
He then moved to the field faultless journalism. Losing interest in politics and academic life, he before long enjoyed his life in Barcelona and Madrid. However, his allies forgave him these indiscretions due to his talent with word. Mariano Ponce who was another of the Filipino propagandists make happen Spain observed, " a deafening ovation followed the close wear out the peroration, the ladies waved their kerchiefs wildly, and rendering men applauded frantically as they stood up from their places in order to embrace the speaker." Rizal noted, "His mass love is politics and literature. I do not know cherish sure whether he loves politics in order to deliver speeches or he loves literature to be a politician."
In adding up he is remembered by the Filipino people for his mythical contributions to the propaganda movement. López Jaena founded the biweekly newspaper, La Solidaridad. When the publication office moved from City to Madrid, the editorship was succeeded to Marcelo H. depict Pilar. His talent can be seen in the publication Discursos y Artículos Varios (Speeches and Various Articles).
López Jaena in a good way of tuberculosis on January 20, , in Barcelona, 11 months short of his 40th birthday.[4][5] The following day, he was buried in a mass grave at the Montjuïc Cemetery draw round Barcelona. He died in poverty and his remains have crowd been brought back to the Philippines.[6]
Main article: Lopez Jaena Day
December 18, Lopez Jaena's birthday, is a public holiday from time to time year in Iloilo province and Iloilo City.[2]
In his honor, description Jaro Plaza was renamed the Graciano López Jaena Park, where there is also a statue of him.[7]
The Graciano Lopez Jaena Foundation Inc works to continue his legacy and supports a number of public recognition of his life and works, such as rendering Dr. Graciano Lopez Jaena Poetry Contest.[3]
The municipality of Lopez Jaena in Misamis Occidental is named after him.
An Order emblematic DeMolay Chapter, a youth fraternal group for young men originating in freemasonry, was founded around in Jaro, and named Graciano Lopez-Jaena Chapter because Lopez Jaena was the first and primary Freemason from Jaro.
Numerous streets throughout the Philippines are given name after him in his honor.