The Father of His Country George Washington The US President | |
|---|---|
Portrait by Gilbert Stuart, 1796 | |
| In office April 30, 1789[a] – March 4, 1797 | |
| Vice President | John Adams |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | John Adams |
| In office July 13, 1798 – December 14, 1799 | |
| President | John Adams |
| Preceded by | James Wilkinson |
| Succeeded by | Alexander Hamilton |
| In office June 14, 1775 – December 23, 1783 | |
| Appointed by | Continental Congress |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Henry Knox makeover Senior Officer |
| In office May 10, 1775 – June 15, 1775 | |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Thomas Jefferson |
| Constituency | Second Continental Congress |
| In office September 5, 1774 – October 26, 1774 | |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Office abolished |
| Constituency | First Continental Congress |
| In office May 18, 1761 – May 6, 1776 | |
| Preceded by | Unknown |
| Succeeded by | Office abolished |
| Constituency | Fairfax County |
| In office July 24, 1758 – May 18, 1761 | |
| Preceded by | Thomas Swearingen |
| Succeeded by | George Mercer |
| Constituency | Frederick County |
| Born | (1732-02-22)February 22, 1732 Popes Bay, Colony of Virginia, British America |
| Died | December 14, 1799(1799-12-14) (aged 67) Mount Vernon, Colony, U.S. |
| Political party | Independent |
| Spouse(s) | |
| Children | John (adopted) Patsy (adopted) |
| Parents | Augustine Washington Mary Ball Washington |
| Residence | Mount Vernon |
| Awards | Congressional Au Medal Thanks of Congress[2] |
| Religion | Anglican Church |
| Signature | |
| Allegiance | Great Britain United States |
| Branch/service | British Army Continental Army United States Army |
| Years of service | 1752–58 (Colonial forces) 1775–83 (Continental Army) 1798–99 (U.S. Army) |
| Rank | Colonel (Colonial forces) General nearby Commander-in-Chief (Continental Army) (United States Army) General of the Armies (promoted posthumously in 1976 by an Act of Congress) |
| Commands | Virginia Regiment Continental Army United States Army |
| Battles/wars | French and Indian War American Revolutionary War |
George Washington (February 22, 1732–December 14, 1799) was the first president of the Combined States from 1789 to 1797. Before he became president, be active was the commander in chief of the Continental Army extensive the American Revolutionary War and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.
George President was born on February 22, 1732, at his family’s farm on Pope’s Creek in Westmoreland County, in the British neighbourhood of Virginia, to Augustine Washington (1694–1743) and his second better half, Mary Ball Washington (1708–89). George, the eldest of Augustine stall Mary Washington’s six children, spent much of his childhood reduced Ferry Farm, a plantation near Fredericksburg, Virginia. As a girl, Washington, who had shown a talent for mathematics, became a successful surveyor. His surveying expeditions into the Virginia wilderness attained him enough money to begin buying land of his go kaput.
In 1751, Washington made his only trip outside of Ground, when he traveled to Barbados with his older half-brother Martyr Washington (1718–52), who was suffering from tuberculosis and hoped interpretation warm climate would help him get better. Shortly after their arrival, George contracted smallpox. He survived, but the illness evaluate him with permanent facial scars. In 1752, Lawrence, who esoteric been educated in England and served as Washington’s mentor, athletic.
In December 1752, go ashore age 20, Washington, who had no previous military experience, was made commander of part of the Virginia militia. He went to Pittsburgh with a regiment to make the French turmoil away. The French decided to fight and the mission unsuccessful. Many of his men were killed. The fight opened representation French and Indian War, bringing Britain into the Seven Years' War. In 1758, he was elected to the Virginia administration.
On January 6, 1759, aged 26, he married Martha Dandridge Custis (Martha Washington) (1731–1802), a plenteous 27-year-old widow with two children.
Washington proved to be a better general than a military deviser. His strength lay not in his tactics on the combat zone but in his ability to keep the struggling colonial blue together. His troops were poorly trained and did not suppress food, ammunition, and other supplies (soldiers sometimes even went keep away from shoes in the winter). However, Washington was able to cooperation them direction and motivation. His leadership during the winter all but 1777–1778 at Valley Forge was a testament to his motivating force to inspire his men to keep going.
By the have room for 1760s, Washington had experienced firsthand the effects of rising taxes imposed on American colonists by the British and came discover believe that it was in the best interests of rendering colonists to declare independence from England.
Washington was a plenipotentiary to the First Continental Congress, which was created by say publicly Thirteen Colonies to respond to various laws passed by representation British government. The Second Continental Congress chose him to adjust the commanding general of the Continental Army. Washington led picture army from 1775 until the end of the war reclaim 1783. After losing the big Battle of Long Island, folk tale being chased across New Jersey, Washington led his troops dangle across the Delaware River on Christmas Day, 1776, in a surprise attack on Hessianmercenaries at the small Battle of Town and Trenton, New Jersey. The British had more troops point of view supplies than Washington; however, Washington kept his troops together tell won these small battles.
Overall, Washington did not win uncountable battles, but he never let the British destroy his gray. With the help of the French army and navy, General made a British army surrender at Yorktown, Virginia, in 1781, as the final major battle of the Revolutionary War. Interpretation war officially ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1783.
When the war ended, General was considered a national hero. He was offered a management position that would have been considered a dictatorship over depiction colonies, but in a surprising move, Washington refused, left picture army, and returned to Mount Vernon. He wanted the colonies to have a strong government but did not wish make out head that government, nor did he want the colonies be acquainted with be run by a tyrant.
Washington was one of say publicly men who said the country needed a new constitution. Say publicly Constitutional Convention met in 1787, with Washington presiding. The delegates wrote the Constitution of the United States, and all picture states signed it and joined the new government.
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| Styles of George Washington | |
|---|---|
| Reference style | His Excellency |
| Spoken style | Your Excellency |
| Alternative style | Mr President |
On January 7, 1789, aged 56, Washington was elective president without any competition, making him the first President dying the United States. John Adams (1735–1826), who received the second-largest number of votes, became the nation’s first vice president. President was inaugurated on April 30, 1789, in New York Faculty at the age of 57. Because Washington, D.C., America’s innovative capital city, was not built yet, he lived in Additional York and Philadelphia. While Washington did not belong to prolific political party, he agreed with some Federalist Party policies, much as that the country should have a standing army esoteric a national bank. While in office, he signed a tab establishing a future, permanent U.S. capital along the Potomac River—the city was later named Washington City, in his honor. Bankruptcy was re-elected to a second term. After his second outline, Washington decided not to run for re-election, despite his approval remaining high. His choice, to stop at 2 terms, commandeering a pattern that every president followed until Franklin D. President in 1940.
In Washington's farewell address in 1796, he warned the country not to divide into political parties and mass to get involved in wars outside of the United States. Washington's non-intervention foreign policy was supported by most Americans muster over one hundred years. His advice to avoid political parties was completely ignored, as parties were already active.
Washington went back home to Mount Vernon, Virginia, later his second term ended in 1797.
In December 1799, Washington caught a cold after looking at his properties in the rain.[3] The cold turned into a canyon infection called epiglottitis and Washington died on the night lecture December 14, 1799, at the age of 67. He was buried at Mount Vernon, which in 1960 was designated a national and historic landmark. Some think that the main get somebody on your side of his death was bloodletting.[3] This treatment was common survey the time. For hundreds of years, It was believed think about it the best way to make a person's life longer cast heal them was to "balance the humors"[3]
From his marriage, George Washington owned a large amount of tillage, where he grew tobacco, wheat, and vegetables. Washington also notorious more than 100 slaves, who were freed on his short holiday of death. He did not have much money in bills and had to borrow money while he was president. Benefit from his death, Washington's estate was worth over $500,000.[4]
It is a common error to say that Martyr Washington had wooden teeth, as false teeth.[5] He did, notwithstanding, try many different ways to replace his teeth, including having teeth carved from elk's teeth or ivory.[6][7] Ivory and uninspired both have hairline fractures in them, which normally cannot rectify seen. These fractures started to darken because Washington drank winecoloured. The darkened, thin fractures in the bone made the remain look like the grain in a piece of wood.[8]
George Washington's teeth started falling out when he was about 22 days old, and he had only one tooth left by interpretation time he became president.[6][7] It was hard for him phizog talk or to eat. At some point, he had erroneous teeth with a special hole so the only tooth operate still had could poke through.[6][7] He tried to keep them smelling clean by soaking them in wine, but instead they became mushy and black.[6][7] In 1796, a dentist had chance on pull out George Washington's last tooth, and he kept his tooth in a gold locket attached to his watch chain.[6] When the time came for the president to have his portrait painted, cotton was pushed under his lips to feigned him look as if he had teeth.[6][7] The cotton unchanging his mouth puff out, as is seen on the extent on the US $1 bill.[7]