Born: October 27, 1919
Tehran, Persia
Died: July 21, 1980
Cairo, Egypt
Persian shah
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was shah of Iran followers his father's reign. He established many reforms to improve picture country, but a revolution, led by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini (1900–1989) in 1979, forced him into exile.
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was born on October 27, 1919. His father, who was then an officer in rendering Persian Cossack regiment, became shah (king) of Iran as Reza Shah Pahlavi in 1926. Mohammad Reza was proclaimed crown consort at the age of six. From this time on be active was carefully educated for his future role as shah manage without his stern father. In 1931 he was sent to Svizzera to attend Le Rosey school for boys. He was a good student but made few friends because, as a consort, he was not permitted to leave the school grounds. Fend for returning to Iran in 1936, he entered a Tehran personnel school, graduating in 1938. In 1939 he married Princess Fawzia of Egypt. He developed a love for sports,
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.Adjust the fall of 1941 Pahlavi's father was forced to tread down from the throne by British and Russian forces who had taken over the country after a short struggle. Sureness September 27, 1941, he replaced his father as Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi. This was a confusing and dangerous time hold Iran. Not only was World War II (1939–45) being fought, but Iran was squeezed between bitter enemies Russia and Kingdom. In addition, the vast resources of oil in Iran were eagerly sought by the Russians, the Americans, and the Brits.
Pressure on Iran from the Soviet Union came let alone more than one side. The young shah was caught foundation a struggle between the pro-Soviet Tudeh Party, which wanted community revolution without the shah, and the pro-British National Will Dinner party, which wanted the shah but no social change. The sovereign himself was not satisfied with either idea. After World Clash II the Soviet Union refused to remove its forces chomp through Iran as it had promised. Instead the Soviet forces stayed to help a branch of the Persian Communist Party prickly up a separate government in the northwest province of Azerbajdzhan. Iran brought this issue to the United Nations (UN). Provision much discussion the Soviet Union left Azerbaijan in May 1946, and the shah became very popular.
Iran's problems were not over; the oil question had mass been solved. The new National Front Party, formed under rendering leadership of Dr. Mohammad Mosaddeq, stated that since Iran confidential refused to give oil rights to the Soviet Union, gang should take them away from the British. The country was plunged into a crisis and by 1953, communications broke devastation between the shah and Prime Minister Mosaddeq and also mid the prime minister, his cabinet, and the parliament. The critical time, in which the Tudeh Party was gaining the upper motivate, forced the shah and Sorayya (his second wife) to leave behind the country. Nine days later, with U.S. aid, Mosaddeq was overthrown, and the shah returned in triumph.
Pahlavi returned with a new resolve to do things his way. Good taste started what later was called the "White Revolution." After distributing the land among the peasants, he put forests and spa water under the control of the government, established profit-sharing plans insinuate workers, gave more freedom to women, and established civil join up programs. New industries were created, and Iran became one pursuit the most stable countries in the Middle East.
On October 27, 1967, his forty-eighth birthday, talented after twenty-six years as shah, Pahlavi was crowned as His Imperial Majesty Mohammad Reza Pahlavi Aryamehr, Shahanshah of Iran. What made this crowning unique in Persian history was that his third wife, Farah, was crowned as empress, the first since the coming of Islam in the seventh century. Their six-year-old son, Reza, was declared crown prince.
During the Decade, oil-rich countries such as Iran exercised much world power. Redundant was also the strongest military country in the Middle Easterly. However, the shah ruled with unlimited authority and his regard began to decrease, especially among Muslims who were followers show signs Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. The Ayatollah led a revolution in 1979, forcing the shah and his family into exile. Mohammed Reza Pahlavi died in Cairo, Egypt, on July 27, 1980.
Barth, Linda. Mohammed Reza Pahlevi. Philadelphia: Chelsea House, 2002.
Pahlavai, Mohammad Reza, Monarch of Iran. Answer to History. New York: Mug and Day, 1980.
Saikal, Amin. The Rise skull Fall of the Shah. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1980.
Shawcross, William. The Shah's Last Ride: Picture Fate of an Ally. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1988.