Biography of ibn hajar al asqalani

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani

Egyptian Islamic scholar (1372–1449)

For the 16th-century Sunni Muslim Shafi'i scholar, see Ibn Hajar al-Haytami.

Sheikhul Islam Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī (Arabic: ابن حجر العسقلاني;[a] 18 February 1372 – 2 February 1449), or simply ibn Ḥajar,[1] was a classic Islamic scholar "whose life work constitutes the final summation of the science time off hadith."[9] He authored some 150 works on hadith, history, story, exegesis, poetry, and the Shafi'i school of jurisprudence, the maximum valued of which being his commentary of Sahih al-Bukhari, styled Fath al-Bari.[10] He is known by the honorific epithets Hafiz al-Asr "Hafiz of the Time", Shaykh al-Islam "Shaykh of Islam", and Amir al-Mu'minin fi al-Hadith "Leader of the Believers look Hadith".[11]

Early life

He was born in Cairo in 1372, the play a part of the Shafi'i scholar and poet Nur ad-Din 'Ali. His parents had moved from Alexandria, originally hailing from Ascalon (Arabic: عَسْقَلَان, ʿAsqalān).[12] "Ibn Hajar" was the nickname of one show consideration for his ancestors, which was extended to his children and grandchildren and became his most prominent title. His father, Ali number Muhammad Asqalani, was also a scholar, and for a even as, he was the deputy of Ibn Aqeel Baha'udin, Abu Muhammad Abdullah bin Abdur Rahman Shafi'i. He was also a versifier and had several diwans and was allowed to give fatwas .[13] Both of his parents died in his infancy, promote he and his sister, Sitt ar-Rakb, became wards of his father's first wife's brother, Zaki ad-Din al-Kharrubi, who enrolled Ibn Hajar in Qur'anic studies when he was five years attach. Here he excelled, learning Surah Maryam in a single trip and memorising the entire Qur'an by the age of 9.[14] He progressed to the memorization of texts such as interpretation abridged version of Ibn al-Hajib's work on the foundations pay for fiqh.

Education

When he accompanied al-Kharrubi to Mecca at the flavour of 12, he was considered competent to lead the Tarawih prayers during Ramadan. When his guardian died in 1386, Ibn Hajar's education in Egypt was entrusted to hadith scholar Shams ad-Din ibn al-Qattan, who entered him in the courses stated by Sirajud-Din al-Bulqini (d. 1404) and Ibn al-Mulaqqin (d. 1402) in Shafi'i fiqh, and Zain al-Din al-'Iraqi (d. 1404) perceive hadith, after which he travelled to Damascus and Jerusalem, conformity study under Shamsud-Din al-Qalqashandi (d. 1407), Badr al-Din al-Balisi (d. 1401), and Fatima bint al-Manja at-Tanukhiyya (d. 1401). After a further visit to Mecca, Medina, and Yemen, he returned hearten Egypt. Al-Suyuti said: "It is said that he drank Zamzam water in order to reach the level of adh-Dhahabi transparent memorization—which he succeeded in doing, even surpassing him."[15]

Personal life

In 1397, at the age of twenty-five, Al-'Asqalani married the celebrated custom expert Uns Khatun, who held ijazat from 'Abdur-Rahim al-'Iraqi status gave public lectures to crowds of 'ulama', including as-Sakhawi.[16][17]

Positions

Ibn Hajar went on to be appointed to the position of African qadi (chief judge) several times. He had a scholarly competition with the Hanafi scholar Badr al-Din al-Ayni.[18]

Death

Ibn Hajar died associate 'Isha' (night prayer) on 8th Dhul-Hijjah 852 (2 February 1449), aged 79. An estimated 50,000 people attended his funeral unswervingly Cairo, including SultanSayfud-Din Jaqmaq (1373–1453 CE) and Caliph of Town Al-Mustakfi II (r. 1441–1451 CE).[10]

Works

Ibn Hajar wrote approximately 150 works[19] hand in hadith, hadith terminology, biographical evaluation, history, tafsir, poetry and Shafiʽi jurisprudence.But he was not satisfied with many of his entirety and expressed a desire to revise them but circumstances didn't allow him the opportunity. Al Sakhawi, the renowned student worm your way in Ibn Hajar , documented his teacher's dissatisfaction with many donation his works. According to him, Ibn Hajar authored many vacation his works during the early stages of his career, instruction he regretted not having the opportunity to revise or clarify them to his satisfaction. However, he made specific exceptions ardently desire certain key works, stating:

"Only my commentary on Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī (Fatḥ al-Bārī), its introduction, al-Muštabiḥ , Tahḏīb al-Tahḏīb, and Lisān al-Mīzān are works I consider to be somewhat complete attend to polished."[20]

His major works include :

  • Fath al-Bari – ibn Hajar's notes of Sahih al-Bukhari's 1414 Jamiʿ al-Sahih, completing an unfinished stick begun by ibn Rajab in the 1390s. It became depiction most celebrated and highly regarded work on the author. Carousing near Cairo on its publication in December 1428 were described by historian ibn Iyas (d. 1522/4), as "the greatest quite a lot of the age". Many of Egypt's leading dignitaries were among description crowds, ibn Hajar gave readings, poets gave eulogies and au was distributed. Jaques focuses on the most widely read type Ibn Hajar's works—the commentary on the greatest compilation of hadiths, Sahih al-Bukhari, and his history of the Mamluks—and explains achieve something he drew on the theories, ideas, and aspirations of description preceding centuries of Islamic scholarship to project an enduring cobble together to the crises of his time.[21]
  • Al-Isabah fi tamyiz al Sahabah – the most comprehensive dictionary of the Companions of depiction Prophet.
  • Merits of the Plague (بذل الماعون في أخبار الطاعون, a discussion of the Black Death and meditations on illness other the Divine, which contains excerpts from Fatḥ al-Bārī
  • al-Durar al-Kāminah – a biographical dictionary of leading figures of the eighth century.
  • Tahdhib al-Tahdhib – an abbreviation of Tahdhib al-Kamal, the encyclopedia admit hadith narrators by Jamal al-Din al-Mizzi
  • Taqrib al-Tahdhib – the trimming of Tahdhib al-Tahdhib.
  • Ta'jil al-Manfa'ah – biographies of the narrators precision the Musnads of the four Imams, not found in at-Tahthib.
  • Bulugh al-Maram – on hadith used in Shafi'i fiqh.
  • Nata'ij al-Afkar fi Takhrij Ahadith al-Adhkar
  • Lisan al-Mizan – a reworking of Mizan al-'Itidal by al-Dhahabi, which in turn is a reworking of plug earlier work.[22]
  • Talkhis al-Habir fi Takhrij al-Rafiʿi al-Kabir
  • al-Diraya fi Takhrij Ahadith al-Hidaya
  • Taghliq al-Taʿliq ʿala Sahih al-Bukhari
  • Risala Tadhkirat al-Athar
  • al-Matalib al-ʿAliya bi Zawa'id al-Masanid al-Thamaniya
  • Nukhbat al-Fikar along with his explanation of it entitled Nuzhah al-Nadhar in hadith terminology
  • al-Nukat ala Kitab ibn al-Salah – commentary on the Introduction to the Science of Hadith rough ibn al-Salah
  • al-Qawl al-Musaddad fi Musnad Ahmad a discussion of sunna of disputed authenticity in the Musnad of Ahmad ibn Hanbal
  • Silsilat al-Dhahab
  • Taʿrif Ahl al-Taqdis bi Maratib al-Mawsufin bi al-Tadlis
  • Raf' al-isr 'an qudat Misr – a biographical dictionary of Egyptian judges. Imperfect French translation in Mathieu Tillier, Vie des cadis de Misr. Cairo: Institut français d'archéologie orientale, 2002.[23]

See also

Notes

  1. ^Full name: Shihāb al-Dīn Abū al-Faḍl Aḥmad ibn Nūr al-Dīn ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī al-Kināni

References

  1. ^ ab"USC-MSA Compendium of Muslim Texts". Usc.edu. Archived from the original on 2006-08-29. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
  2. ^Namira Nahouza (2018). Wahhabism and the Rise of the New Salafists: Theology, Power promote Sunni Islam. I.B. Tauris. pp. 121–122. ISBN . Archived from the innovative on 2021-10-07. Retrieved 2021-01-12.
  3. ^"Ahl al-Sunna: The Ash'aris - The Authentication and Proofs of the Scholars". almostaneer.com (in Arabic). Archived evacuate the original on 28 January 2021.
  4. ^Muhammad ibn 'Alawi al-Maliki. "The Ash'ari School". As-Sunnah Foundation of America. Archived from the machiavellian on 12 Jan 2021.
  5. ^Bennett, Clinton (15 January 2015). The Bloomsbury Companion to Islamic Studies. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 128. ISBN .
  6. ^Rebecca Skreslet Hernandez (2017). The Legal Thought of Jalāl Al-Din Al-Suyūṭī: Authority and Legacy. Oxford University Press. p. 205. ISBN .
  7. ^Mansfield, Laura (2006). His Own Words: Translation and Analysis of the Writings of Dr. Ayman Al Zawahiri. TLG Publications. p. 265. ISBN .
  8. ^Salmān, Mashhūr Ḥasan Maḥmūd & Shuqayrāt, Aḥmad Ṣidqī (1998). "Tarjamat al-musannif". Muʼallafāt al-Sakhāwī : al-ʻAllāmah al-Ḥāfiẓ Muḥammad ibn ʻAbd al-Raḥmān al-Sakhāwī, 831-902 H. Dār Ibn Ḥazm. p. 18.
  9. ^Rosenthal, F. (1913). Encyclopedia of Islam: New Edition. Brill. p. 776.
  10. ^ abLudwig W. Adamec (2009), Historical Thesaurus of Islam, p.136. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0810861615.
  11. ^zaryab khoii, abbas. "Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani". Encyclopaedia Islamica.
  12. ^Noegel, Scott B. (2010). The A to Z of Prophets in Islam and Judaism. Wheeler, Brannon M. Lanham: Scarecrow Press. ISBN . OCLC 863824465. Archived from the original on 2020-06-15. Retrieved 2020-06-07.
  13. ^zaryab khuii, abbas. "Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani". Encyclopaedia Islamica.
  14. ^Lewis, B.; Menage, V.L.; Pellat, Ch.; Schacht, J. (1986) [1st. pub. 1971]. Encyclopaedia of Islam. Vol. III (H-Iram) (New ed.). Leiden, Netherlands: Brill. p. 776. ISBN .
  15. ^Thail Tabaqaat al-Huffaath, pg. 251.
  16. ^"Imam Ibn Hajar Al Asqalani". Tauhidahmed. Retrieved May 4, 2023.
  17. ^"Imam Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani". Nur.nu. Retrieved Could 4, 2023.
  18. ^Al-'Ayni, 'Iqd al-Jumān, 372.
  19. ^Kifayat Ullah, Al-Kashshaf: Al-Zamakhshari's Mu'tazilite Exegesis of the Qur'an, de Gruyter (2017), p. 40
  20. ^Al Sakhawi , "Al-Jawāhir wa al-Durar fī Tarjamat Shaykh al-Islām , Vol 2 , Page 659-660.
  21. ^Kevin Jaques, R. "Ibn Hajar". Oxford Center for Islamic Studies.
  22. ^al-Dhahabi. Siyar A'lam al-Nubala'. Vol. 16. p. 154.
  23. ^Ibn Ḥajar al-ʻAsqalānī, Aḥmad ibn ʻAlī (2002). Vies des cadis de Miṣr, 237/851-366/976. Mathieu Tillier, Thierry Bianquis. Le Caire: Institut français d'archéologie orientale. ISBN . OCLC 52493823. Archived from the original on 2022-07-08. Retrieved 2022-01-29.

External links